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The concept of a vacuum bed is to pull together the surface of the component/board being processed, to the surface of the sacrificial board, creating lateral ‘friction’ between the two surfaces. The more surface area in contact, the more lateral grip can be achieved.
Large Surface area = more ‘grip’
Porous products tend not to ‘seal’ as well as ‘Non-Porous’ such as Acrylic for example, as air can pass through them but these tend to have a ‘rougher’ surface creating more friction between the sacrificial board and the product, compensating.
Alternatively Non-porous materials i.e.Acrylic, ‘seal’ better so more pull-down force is achieved to compensate for the smoother surface.
The correct size of neoprene gasket must be used, and one single length ‘per zone’, limiting the amount of joins to just 1, where air can be sucked through losing pressure applied to that zone when the component is placed above. Therefore restricting the flow, creating the pull-down required. It is essential that the channels are completely free of debris and that the neoprene gasket is not ‘stretched’ to fit in the perimeter channel, as this reduces the diameter of the seal causing an uneven surface for the sacrificial board to sit on.
The seal must be laid over the perimeter groove of each zone and firmly pushed directly ‘down’ into the groove. When the perimeter is complete, the seal must be carefully cut and ‘butted’ together to complete the seal.
When the sacrificial layer is placed on the seal and the vacuum is switched on, the sacrificial board compresses the gasket if the zone is sealed correctly.
Once all Zones have the gasket fitted correctly the vacuum can be switched on and all pipework joints can be checked for leaks that may be causing a pressure drop in the circuit.
Again the concept of each ‘zone’ is that air can only flow through the fibres of the MDF within the area of that zone and directly in contact with the component being processed above. This effectively seals the circuit and affords maximum pull down on the component creating the lateral friction required, allowing the Vacuum pump to do its job.
Both sides of the sacrificial surface must be skimmed to ensure the best possible lateral grip on the component. This removes the ‘skin’ created during manufacture and increases airflow through the fibres of the MDF. This also ‘levels’ the sacrificial surface for accurate machining depth. You can purchase special tools for this from around £100, saving considerable time on large bed surfaces.